Engineering Physics II

Engineering Physics II

EG 1202 SH

                                                                                     Total: 6 hour /week

Year:        I                                                             Lecture: 3 hours/week 

Semester:  II                                                         Tutorial: 1 hours/week

                                                                               Practical:  hours/week     

                                                                                    Lab: 2 hours/week

Course Description:

This subject consists of four units related to electricity, waves, properties of matter, and modern physics necessary to develop background in physics that supports for the understanding and practicing the related engineering works.

Course Objectives: 

After the completion of this course, students will be able to: 

1.       Explain the basic concepts related to the electricity and apply it in the field of the related engineering area

2.       Explain the basic concepts related to the waves and apply it in the field of the related engineering area

3.       Explain the basic concepts related to the properties of matter and apply it in the field of the related engineering area

4.       Explain the basic concepts related to the modern physics and apply it in the field of the related engineering area.

Contents:

Unit 1. Electricity:                                                                                [16]

                      1.1.      Electrostatics:

•       Elementary charge, charging and induction. 

•       Faraday’s ice-pail experiment.   Idea of electric field  Lines of forces.

•       Coulomb’s law. 

•       Intensity of electric field.

•       Electrostatic potential, equipotential.

•       Surfaces.

•       Potential and field strength.

•       Potential gradient.

•       Action of point.

•       Van de Graaf generator.

•       Capacitors.

•       Different types of arrangement of capacitors.

•       Energy storage.

•       Action of dielectrics

1.2. Current electricity:  Basics: 

•       D.C. Current.

•       Strength of Current.

•       Potential difference across a conductor.

•       Ohm's law and its verification.

•       Resistance and resistivity.

•       Electrical measurements: 

•       Galvanometer, Ammeter and voltmeter

•       Conversion of Galvanometer into Ammeter and voltmeter

•       Potentiometer and comparison of emf and measurement of internal resistance

•       Kirchhoff's law and their use to analyze simple circuits, Whitestone bridge  Heating effect of current: 

•       Joules law and it's verification, electric power, maximum power theorem  The rate of heating from the concept of p.d.

•       Thermoelectricity: 

•       See-beck effect, variation of thermo e.m.f. with temperature

•       Peltier effect and   Thomson effect.

                      1.3.      Magnetic effect of current and electromagnetism:

•       Magnetic forces and magnetic field of current: 

•       Force experienced by charge moving in magnetic field.

•       Maxwell's crockscrew rule.

•       Force applied by magnetic field on current carrying conductor.

•       Torque on current carrying coil in magnetic field.

•       Theory of moving coil galvanometer.

•       Biot-Savart's Law

•       Field due to a long straight conductor and due to circular coil.

•       Force between two parallel conductors carrying current.

•       Ampere’s law

•       Magic field due to the solenoid and long straight conductor. 

•       Electromagnetic induction: 

•       Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction and Lenz’s law. 

•       Phenomenon of self-induction.

•       A.C. generator.

•       D.C. generator.

•       Transformer.

                      1.4       Alternating current:

•       Instantaneous and effective values of current and voltage.

•       Phase between current and voltage across different elements of circuit.

•       Capacitive and inductive reactance. 

•       Impedance.

•       Resonance.

•       Power in a.c. circuit

Unit 2.	Waves:		[9]
	2.1.	Wave motion:  •                Wave motion. •                Types of wave motion •                Characteristics of wave motion •                Wavelength, frequency and speed of waves  Speed of waves in different media. •                Velocity of sound in air.
	2.2.	Wave phenomena:  •       Sound waves. •       Beats and their formation. •       Progressive waves. •       Stationary waves. •       Waves in strings and pipes: fundamental vibrations and overtones. •       Intensity of sound. •       Intensity level. •       Inverse square law.
	2.3.	Physical optics: •       Interference of light waves and coherent sources. •       Phase difference and path difference. Young's double slit experiment. •       Introduction of Diffraction of light waves.  •       Introduction of of Huygen's principle.
		 Polarization and  un polarized lights, polarization by reflection(Brewster's law)
Unit 3.	Properties of matter:                                                                                                 [10]  3.1       Elasticity:  •                Elasticity, Hook's law, Young's modules, Bulk modulus  Elasticity of shear. 3.2       Surface tension:  •                Intermolecular attraction in liquid, surface tension. •                Cohesion and adhesion, angle of contact, capillary action •                Coefficient of surface tension and surface energy (Only introduction).

                      3.3       Viscosity:

•       Stream line and turbulent flows. 

•       Idea of liquid layer, Velocity gradient, Viscosity and its coefficient. 

•       Comparison of viscosity with solid friction, Viscous forces, Stoke's law, Terminal velocity, determination of coefficient viscosity

Unit 4.      Modern physics:                                                                 [10]  

4.1           Atomic physics: 

•       Photons, Photoelectric effect, Einstein's photoelectric equation and stopping potential for photoelectrons.

•       Motion of charged particles in simultaneously applied electric and magnetic fields, e/m for electron, Milliken's oil drop experiment. Bohr model for hydrogen atom. Energy level diagrams and spectral series.

•       X-rays:Production, nature and uses.

•       Laser (introduction only)

4.2           Semiconductors: 

•       Energy states of valent electrons in solids, energy bands. 

•       Semiconductors, intrinsic and doped, p-type and n-type semiconductors.

•       Majority and minority carries. 

•       Acceptors and donors, p-n junction, diode and depletion layer, forward and reverse bias. 

•       Rectifying property of diode

•       Transistor and it's uses 

4.3           Nuclear physics:

•       Laws of radioactive disintegration: half life, mean life, and decay constant.

•       Stable and radioactive nuclei.  Binding energy and mass defect  Fission and fusion.

Engineering Physics Practical II:                                                       [30]

1.         Determine specific resistance of a wire. 

2.         Determine the frequency of A.C. mains.

3.         Study current voltage characteristics of a junction diode.

4.         Determine speed of sound by resonance air column method.

5.         Determine Young Modulus.

6.         Verify Ohm’s law. 

7.         Determine force constant of a helical spring oscillation method. 

8.         Compare Emfs of two cells by using potentiometer.

9.         Study characteristic curves of npn transistor.

10.      Determine unknown resistance by Wheatstone bridge method.

Learning materials:

Text books:

1.       Advanced level physics by Nelkon and Parker Vth and later editions

2.       A textbook of physics, part I and part II by Gupta and Pradhan

3.       Numerical problems in Engineering Physics for Diploma in Engineering I & II, Pankaj Sharma Ghimire & Krishna Shrestha, S.K. Books, Dhapasi, Kathmandu

Text book for laboratory work:

1. Physics Practical Guide by U.P. Shrestha, RPB

Other learning materials:

3.     References to be selected by the related lecturer(s) from among the texts available in the market that meet the content needs of this subject

4.     The related institute may develop its own textbook and approve from the related authority so as to have a prescribed textbook of this subject.